Which symptom is most characteristic of pulmonary embolism?

Sudden dyspnea, or shortness of breath, is the most characteristic symptom of pulmonary embolism. This condition occurs when a blood clot blocks one or more arteries in the lungs, leading to a rapid onset of difficulty breathing as the lung tissue becomes deprived of oxygen. The abrupt nature of the symptom is significant; patients may develop dyspnea suddenly, often without warning, which distinguishes it from other respiratory issues that may develop gradually.

In the context of pulmonary embolism, sudden dyspnea can be accompanied by other symptoms such as chest pain or a feeling of anxiety, but the hallmark is that it can arise suddenly and severely, indicating a serious medical situation. Understanding this symptom is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment, as prompt management can significantly affect outcomes in patients with pulmonary embolism.