Which compound is effective for disinfecting surfaces in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)?

Phenolics are effective disinfectants for surfaces in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, which includes effectiveness against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. This is particularly important in a NICU, where vulnerable neonates are at a higher risk of infections. Phenolic compounds work by disrupting the cell walls of microorganisms, leading to cell lysis and death.

Their stability and residual antimicrobial effect make them suitable for disinfection in healthcare settings, especially in environments requiring stringent infection control measures. Additionally, the ability of phenolics to remain active on surfaces for a period of time helps maintain a cleaner and safer environment for neonates, who have undeveloped immune systems.

While quaternary ammonium compounds and iodophors also have their uses in disinfection, they may not provide the same broad-spectrum efficacy or residual action needed in the NICU setting. 70% ethyl alcohol is effective for immediate antisepsis but may evaporate too quickly on surfaces to provide adequate disinfection over time. Hence, phenolics are preferred in such sensitive environments.