What is the action of high-level disinfection?

The action of high-level disinfection is specifically characterized by its ability to destroy all microorganisms except bacterial spores. This process is crucial in healthcare settings where instruments come into contact with mucous membranes and need to be thoroughly disinfected to prevent infection transmission. High-level disinfectants are typically used for items that cannot withstand the high temperatures of sterilization but require a high degree of microbial reduction, such as semi-critical equipment.

In contrast, sterilization, which is a more intense process, would destroy all microorganisms including spores, thereby providing a more comprehensive level of pathogen reduction. Other disinfection methods might only target specific pathogens or may simply clean surfaces without achieving high-level disinfection, making it essential to recognize the specific capabilities of high-level disinfection within the context of infection control practices.