What is an example of an airborne infection?

The measles virus is a prime example of an airborne infection due to its mode of transmission. Airborne infections are spread through tiny respiratory droplets that remain suspended in the air for extended periods and can be inhaled by individuals in the vicinity, even after the infected individual has left the area. Measles is highly contagious; a person with measles can infect up to 90% of the people who are not immune and come into contact with them.

In contrast, while the influenza virus can also be transmitted through airborne droplets, measles is specifically classified as an airborne infection because it can be transmitted through the air over longer distances and can remain infectious in the environment for a longer period of time. Other examples of airborne infections include tuberculosis and varicella (chickenpox).

The other microorganisms listed have different modes of transmission. Clostridium difficile is primarily spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or fecal matter, Staphylococcus aureus is typically spread through direct contact or via healthcare settings, and while influenza can be airborne, it is more often spread through large respiratory droplets rather than the same airborne transmission characteristics observed with diseases like measles.